Five serotypes of the virus have been found, all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. The disease is prevalent in the caribbean, central america, and south central asia. Diagnosis via new molecularbased techniques have become a new hope for early diagnosis, but are still limited due to their costs and. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection.
Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. Presenting features may range from asymptomatic fever to dreaded complications such as hemorrhagic fever and shock. Primarily a disease of the tropics, dengue fever is caused by a virus caused by a mosquito which prefers to feed on humans and is native to the tropics. Infection with one serotype of denv provides immunity to that. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. It is a mosquitoborne, single positivestranded rna virus of the family flaviviridae. How to recognize and treat dengue fever with pictures. Chikungunya is an infection caused by the chikungunya virus chikv. Department of health and human services centers for. English grammar and vocabulary 4 the 5 senses descriptive words i like the differentiation btwn sight and color words. Whenever available, oral rehydration saltors commonly used in treating diarrhea is preferable.
Centers for disease control and prevention cdc considers dengue fever to cause the majority of acute febrile illnesses in travelers returning to the u. The size and spread of the dengue pandemic, the unpredict. For early detection of dengue hemorrhagic fever, it is suggested that hematocrit levels be kept under observations at a minimum of every 24 hours. It is spread by daytimeactive aedes mosquitoes, such as a. First seen in asia, africa, and north america in the late 1700s, it was first thought of.
Dengue fever, a viral infection, which causes severe bone ache, flulike symptoms and in rare cases can be fatal, spreads through the bite of the aedes aegypti mosquito. During 2010, member countries in the southeast asia region reported 293 868 cases with. Dengue virus is maintained in a cycle between humans and aedes aegypti, domestic daybiting mosquitoes. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever 1 dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever information for health care practitioners dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, 2, 3, and 4. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Df is an acute febrile illness caused by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which are endemic in certain cities of saudi arabia, such as jeddah and makkah mecca. Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by two specific types of mosquitoes, the aedes aegypti and the aedes albopictus species.
List of diseases simple english wikipedia, the free. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. In 1927 and 1928, several outbreaks in greece and turkey affected more than a million people and killed up to 1500. Dengue virus denv have progressively spread geographically throughout the tropics, resulting in a global pandemic with tens of millions of infections annually, including several hundred thousand hospitalizations for dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf and dengue shock syndrome dss 1. Until 1930, dengue fever was endemic in the countries of southern europe where the vector ae. Dengue presents the most uptodate overview of the field, encompassing various aspects of epidemiology, virus research, clinical management of the disease, pathogenesis, vector control and diagnosis. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, joint and muscle pain, vomiting, and a rash. Thousands of patients arrive every morning at delhis hospitals. Vhf dengue, hantavirus, and yellow fever are discussed in separate sections of this manual. Fever occurring in a traveller within 3 months of leaving a country in which there is risk of malaria is a potential medical emergency and should be investigated urgently to exclude malaria.
Dengue fever is estimated by the world health organization who to cause about 50100 million infections per year worldwide. This increase is believed to be to be due to multiple factors. Details description of disease dengue and chikungunya in gujarati. Dengue virus denv is a singlestranded rna virus that belongs to the family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus and is transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes, mainly. Dengue fever symptoms, causes, and treatments in gujarati. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, and a rash. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. Dengue management dos and donts x dont use corticosteroids. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses.
The infection causes flulike illness, and occasionally develops into a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. Dengue fever df is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes aegypti mosquitoes with major public health consequences for millions of people around the world, and in particular the southeast asia and asiapacific regions of the world health organization who. The virus seems to have no detrimental effect on the mosquito, which remains infected for life. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. These typically occur two to twelve days after exposure. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions. Zika virus is related to the dengue, yellow fever, japanese encephalitis, and west nile viruses.
Backgroundthe world health organization who declares dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever to be endemic in south asia. Dengue is an acute viral illness caused by rna virus of the family flaviviridae and spread by aedes mosquitoes. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Dengue is the most prevalent arthropodborne viral illness of humans, with an estimated 400 million infections occurring each year and more than 2. Common name of the disease is breakbone fever haddi tod bukhar hdi taod baukar. Dengue virus induces clinical illness, which ranges from a nonspeci. Dengue fever df is the most serious mosquitoborne viral disease worldwide. Hemorrhagic fevers viral page 1 of 7 hemorrhagic fevers viral table of contents overview. The number of people that develop dengue fever each year has. Dengue fever is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. They should take rest, drink plenty of fluids that are available at home and eat nutritious diet.
From the editor s desk dengue fever dengue haemorrhagic fever continued its accelerated pace in the countries of the southeast asia and the western pacific regions of the world health organization who. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf dengue shock syndrome dss. Whenever available, oral rehydration saltors commonly used in treating diarrhea is. They are not indicated and can increase the risk of gi bleeding, hyperglycemia, and immunosuppression. Dengue fever pronounced dengi is a tropical infectious disease caused by the dengue virus.
This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 4. We report cases of ophthalmic complications resulting from dengue infection in singapore. Dengue fever simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Most patients with dengue fever can be treated at home. A cuteonset high fever, muscle and joint pain, myalgia, cutaneous rash.
Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. Its name comes from the ziika forest of uganda, where the virus was first isolated in 1947. This is a list of common, wellknown or infamous diseases. Viral hemorrhagic fever vhf is a general term for illness caused by members of several. In the absence of rapid access to reliable diagnostic facilities, standby emergency treatment sbet is indicated see section 7. Despite the magnitude of problem, no documented evidence exists in pakistan which reveals the awareness and practices of the countrys adult population regarding dengue fever, its spread, symptoms, treatment and prevention. Dengue infection is the name of an important arboviral infection that is common in tropical countries. Dengue fever is a very common viral infection with potential serious complications and is one of the who challenges to limit its spread especially in view of lacking specific treatment. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of. Aedes aegypti prefers to lay its eggs in artificial water containers, to live in close proximity to humans, and to feed off people rather than other vertebrates. Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dengue fever.
Nevertheless, scientists understanding of dengue virus may be simplistic, as rather than distinct antigenic groups, a continuum appears to exist. In 2017, two cases of dengue fever were imported from hurghada, egypt, where dengue fever was not considered endemic, to moscow. We performed a retrospective analysis of a series of patients with dengue fever who had visual impairment. Dengue fever is also called breakbone fever, because it can cause so much pain that people feel like their bones are breaking. To fight dengue fever, brazil turns to genetically modified mosquitoes businessweek aedes aegypti.
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